Amyloidosis is a rare disease that is a consequence of abnormal protein (amyloid) deposits in body tissues and organs. Amyloidosis can occur as an isolated disease (immunoglobulin light chain or AL amyloidosis, formerly primary amyloidosis) or as a result of another illness (secondary amyloidosis).
Thank you for reading this post, don't forget to subscribe!A rare form of amyloidosis is inherited and referred to as familial amyloidosis. Familial amyloidosis can cause nerve damage referred to as transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy, or TTR-FAP.
Amyloidosis is a group of diseases that are a consequence of abnormal protein deposits in various body tissues. These abnormal proteins are called amyloid. Depending on the structure of the particular amyloid, the protein can accumulate in an isolated tissue as an isolated disease (immunoglobulin light chain or AL amyloidosis, formerly primary amyloidosis) or be widespread, affecting numerous organs and tissues.
There are over 30 different amyloid proteins. Each amyloid protein is arranged in a structure called a fibril. Fibrils are low molecular weight proteins that are derived from precursor proteins. Fibrils of amyloid can float in the plasma of blood and deposit into tissues of the body.
Amyloid protein can be deposited in a localized area and may not be harmful or only affect a single tissue of the body impairing its function. This form of amyloidosis is called localized amyloidosis.
Amyloidosis that affects many tissues throughout the body is referred to as systemic amyloidosis. The systemic form can cause serious changes in virtually any organ of the body, including the kidneys (renal amyloidosis), heart (cardiac amyloidosis), skin (cutaneous amyloidosis), and lungs (pulmonary amyloidosis) etc.
Systemic amyloidosis has been classified into three major types that are very different from each other. These are distinguished by a two-letter code that begins with an A (for amyloid). The second letter of the code stands for the protein that accumulates in the tissues in that particular type of amyloidosis.
The major types of systemic amyloidosis are currently categorized as primary (now AL), secondary (AA), and hereditary (ATTR, amyloid apolipoprotein A1 or AApoAI, amyloid apolipoprotein A2 or AApoAII, AGel, ALys, AFib).
Amyloidosis that occurs as its own entity has been called primary amyloidosis. It is currently referred to as AL amyloidosis
to signify that immunoglobulin light-chain proteins are produced as a result. Secondary amyloidosis is amyloidosis that occurs as a byproduct of another illness, including chronic infections (such as tuberculosis or osteomyelitis), or chronic inflammatory diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and inflammatory bowel disease). Other forms of amyloidosis include beta-2 microglobulin amyloidosis from chronic kidney dialysis and localized amyloidosis. Amyloidosis that is localized to a specific body area from aging does not have systemic implications for the rest of the body. The protein that deposits in the brain of patients with Alzheimer’s disease is a form of amyloid.
Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis (formerly referred to as primary amyloidosis)
Immunoglobulin light chain or AL amyloidosis (formerly primary amyloidosis), occurs when a specialized cell in the bone marrow (plasma cell) spontaneously overproduces a particular protein portion of an antibody called the light chain. (This is why the primary form is now referred to as AL). The deposits in the tissues of patients with primary amyloidosis are AL proteins. It can affect the heart, kidney, liver, and skin. This is the most common type of amyloidosis. AL amyloidosis can occur with a bone marrow cancer of plasma cells called multiple myeloma. AL amyloidosis, including multiple myeloma cancer, is not associated with any other diseases but is a disease entity of its own.
Allopathic researchers have demonstrated the benefits of stem-cell transplantation therapy for AL amyloidosis. In stem-cell transplantation, allopathic doctors harvest the patient’s own stem cells and store them while the patient receives therapy and then uses them to treat AL amyloidosis by replacing the abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow. However Homeopathes has very simple, less time consuming and easy treatment for it.
AA amyloidosis (secondary amyloidosis)
When amyloidosis occurs secondarily as a result of another illness, such as chronic infections (for example, tuberculosis or osteomyelitis) or chronic inflammatory diseases (for example, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis), the condition is referred to as secondary amyloidosis or AA amyloidosis. The amyloid tissue deposits in secondary amyloidosis are AA proteins.
The treatment (allopathic and Homeopathic) of patients AA amyloidosis is directed at treating the underlying illness in that particular patient.
Familial amyloidosis (hereditary amyloidosis)
Familial amyloidosis (ATTR, AApoAI, AApoAII, AGel, ALys, AFib) is a rare form of inherited amyloidosis. The amyloid deposits in most familial amyloidosis are composed of the protein transthyretin, or TTR, which is made in the liver.
Familial amyloidosis is sometimes referred to as hereditary transthyretin-mediated or HTTR amyloidosis. Familial amyloidosis is an inherited autosomal dominant in genetics terminology. This means that for the offspring of a person with the condition, there is a 50% chance of inheriting it. This form of amyloidosis is also referred to as hereditary amyloidosis. This type of amyloidosis can affect the nerves and the heart.
Beta-2 microglobulin amyloidosis (dialysis amyloidosis)
Beta-2 microglobulin amyloidosis occurs when amyloid deposits develop in patients on dialysis with longstanding kidney failure. The amyloid deposits are composed of beta-2 microglobulin protein and are often found around joints.
Localized amyloidosis
The many forms of localized amyloidosis are a result of amyloid deposits in specific areas of the body and are distinct from systemic forms of amyloidosis that deposit amyloid throughout the body. Localized amyloid deposits occur in the brain from Alzheimer’s disease. In various tissues, often with aging (senile amyloidosis), amyloid can be locally produced and deposited to cause tissue injury. Prions are infectious amyloid proteins that transmit the diseases kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, fatal familial insomnia, and Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome.
Risk factors for amyloidosis
Risk factors for the inherited forms of amyloidosis are being genetically related to an ancestor with the disease. The risk factors for secondary amyloidosis are the underlying inflammatory chronic medical conditions. Age is a risk factor for amyloidosis, as well, as most people who develop amyloidosis are over 60 years old. Male gender is a risk factor for amyloidosis as about 70% of people with AL are male.
Symptoms
Symptoms in patients with amyloidosis result from abnormal functioning of the particular organs involved. There might be no symptoms until the disease is relatively advanced. The heart, kidneys, liver, bowels, skin, nerves, joints, and lungs can be affected. As a result, symptoms and signs are vague and can include fatigue, shortness of breath, weight loss, lack of appetite, numbness, tingling, carpal tunnel syndrome, weakness, hearing loss, enlarged tongue, bruising, and swelling of hands and feet. Amyloidosis in these organs leads to cardiomyopathy, heart failure, peripheral neuropathy, arthritis, malabsorption, diarrhea, and liver damage and failure. Amyloidosis affecting the kidney leads to “nephrotic syndrome,” which is characterized by severe loss of protein in the urine and swelling of the extremities.
What health care specialists treat amyloidosis?
Amyloidosis can affect many different body systems and organs. Therefore for allopathic treatment, many different health specialists (for example – hematologists, nephrologists, cardiologists, rheumatologists, pulmonologists, neurologists, pathologists, and internists etc) might be involved in the care; In Homoeopathic treatment, its an usual case and any good homeopath can deal it.
Diagnosis
Blood tests and urine tests can be used to look for abnormal proteins (light chain proteins) that could indicate amyloidosis. The definite diagnosis of amyloidosis is made by detecting the characteristic amyloid protein in a biopsy specimen of involved tissue (such as mouth, rectum, fat, kidney, heart, or liver). A needle aspiration biopsy of fat just under the skin of the belly (fat pad aspiration). Pathologists (physician specializing in examining tissues) can see the protein in the biopsy specimen when it is coated with a special dye, called Congo red stain.
Once the diagnosis is made, tests of the involved organs can help establish the extent of the disease.
Allopathic treatment for amyloidosis
As we know in allopathy there is no cure for amyloidosis. Stabilization of organ function is an initial target of treatment in allopathy. The most frequent cause of death in systemic amyloidosis is kidney failure.
Homeopathic treatment for amyloidosis
The Homeopathic treatment of amyloidosis depends on the type of amyloidosis involved and the organ involved in. Initial treatment of amyloidosis involves correcting organ failure and treating any underlying illness (such as myeloma, infection, or inflammation). The disease is frequently discovered after significant organ damage has already occurred, there for recovering that damages should be the first choice of an Homeopath.
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Complications
Complications of amyloidosis are a function of what organs and tissues are affected and to what degree their function is impaired. Amyloidosis can lead to failure of lung, liver, heart, nerves, and kidney function. Additionally, the allopathic treatments (including chemotherapy as well as stem-cell and organ transplantation) can have various and serious side effects.
Prognosis
The outlook depends on the form of amyloidosis and its response to treatment. Systemic amyloidosis is slowly progressive and fatal if untreated. The average survival for AL amyloidosis is now years but significantly depends on what organs are affected and the type of treatment (allopathic/Homeopathic). When the heart, liver, kidney(s) and nervous system is involved, with allopathic treatment the survival decreases. Familial amyloidosis can survive well into the second decade.
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