The West Nile virus is spread by mosquitoes. The West Nile virus can infect humans, birds, mosquitoes, horses, and some other mammals. Very rarely, the virus can spread in transfused blood, a transplanted organ, or through the placenta to a fetus.

West Nile virus occurs in late summer and early fall in mild zones. It can also occur year-round in southern climates. Most often, the West Nile virus causes mild, flu-like symptoms. But, the virus can cause life-threatening illnesses, such as:

• Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)
• Meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord)
• Meningoencephalitis (inflammation of the brain and its surrounding membrane)

What causes West Nile virus?

West Nile virus is spread to humans through the bite of an infected female mosquito. The mosquitoes get the virus when they bite an infected bird. Crows and jays are the most common birds linked to the virus. But hundreds of other bird species also have the virus.

West Nile virus isn’t spread between humans. However, in a few cases it has spread through organ transplant. Health officials think the organ donor acquired the virus through a blood transfusion. All blood is screened for the virus. The risk for getting West Nile virus from blood is much lower than the risk of not having any procedure that would call for a blood transfusion.

Symptoms of West Nile virus

Most people infected with West Nile virus have only mild, flu-like symptoms that last a few days. Symptoms usually appear within 3 to 14 days of infection.

About 20% of the people who become infected will develop West Nile fever. These are the most common symptoms of West Nile fever:

• Fever
• Headache
• Body aches
• Skin rash on trunk of body
• Swollen lymph glands

The more severe form of the West Nile virus affects mostly older adults. It occurs when the virus crosses the blood-brain barrier and can cause:

• Headache
• High fever
• Neck stiffness
• Stupor (a state of impaired consciousness, extreme lethargy, and reduced reactivity to outside stimuli)
• Disorientation
• Coma
• Tremors
• Convulsions
• Muscle weakness
• Paralysis

Risk factors for West Nile virus

Certain things can increase the risk for getting West Nile virus. Humen are more likely to get the virus if they are exposed to mosquito bites during the summer months.

Most people who are infected have a minor illness and recover fully. But, older people and those with weak immune systems are more likely to get a serious illness from the infection.

Diagnosis of West Nile Virus

Refer your patient to blood test to check for antibodies to the West Nile virus. The doctor may also do a lumbar puncture to test cerebrospinal fluid for signs of infection.

Allopathic treatment of West Nile Virus

A healthcare provider will figure out the best treatment based on:

• Patient age?
• Patient’s overall health and medical history?
• How sick patient is?
• How well patient can handle specific medications, procedures or therapies?
• How long the condition is expected to last?

There’s no specific treatment in allopathy for West Nile virus-related diseases. If a person gets the more severe form of the disease, West Nile encephalitis or meningitis, treatment may include intensive supportive therapy, such as:

• Hospitalization
• Intravenous (IV) fluids
• Breathing support (ventilator)
• Prevention of other infections (such as pneumonia or urinary tract infections)
• Nursing care

Complications of West Nile Virus

Usually, the West Nile virus causes mild, flu-like symptoms. However, the virus can cause life-threatening illnesses and complications, such as

• Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)
• Meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord)
• Meningoencephalitis (inflammation of the brain and its surrounding membrane)
• High fever
• Severe headache
• Stiff neck
• Confusion
• Muscle weakness
• Vision loss
• Numbness
• Paralysis
• Tremors
• Seizures
• Coma

Can West Nile virus be prevented?

At this time, in allopathy, there’s no vaccine available to prevent West Nile virus. The allopathic doctors recommends taking these steps to avoid mosquito bites and West Nile virus:

• Apply insect repellent containing DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) when you’re outdoors. (If you spray your clothing, there’s no need to spray repellent containing DEET on the skin under your clothing.)
• When possible, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants treated with repellents containing permethrin or DEET since mosquitoes may bite through thin clothing. (Don’t directly apply repellents containing permethrin to exposed skin because of severe side effects).
• Consider staying indoors at dawn, dusk, and in the early evening. These are peak hours for mosquito bites, especially those mosquitoes that carry the West Nile virus.
• Limit the number of places for mosquitoes to lay their eggs by getting rid of standing water sources from around your home.

Mosquitoes are drawn to people’s skin odors and the carbon dioxide you breathe out. Many repellents contain a chemical, N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), which repels the mosquito. Repellents are effective only at short distances from the treated surface, so mosquitoes may still be flying nearby. Always follow the directions on the insect repellent to determine how often you need to reapply repellent. To boost your protection from insect repellent, remember:

• Sweating, or water may call for reapplication of the product.
• If you aren’t being bitten, you don’t need to reapply repellent.
• Use enough repellent to cover exposed skin or clothing. Don’t apply repellent to skin that’s under clothing. Heavy application isn’t needed for protection.
• Don’t apply repellent to cuts, wounds, or irritated skin.
• After returning indoors, wash treated skin with soap and water.
• Don’t spray aerosol or pump products in enclosed areas.
• Don’t apply aerosol or pump products directly to your face. Spray your hands and then rub them carefully over the face, avoiding your eyes and mouth.

Repellents containing a higher concentration of active ingredient (such as DEET) provide longer-lasting protection but they have too many side effects including cancer. Read the directions to find out how long your product will last.

Homeopathic treatment for West Nile Virus 

Polyporus Pinicola

Great lassitude. Vertigo. Face hot and flushed, prickling sensation all over; restless at night from pain in wrists and knee; rheumatic pains; profuse perspiration. Headache with pain in back, ankles and legs increasing. Deep dull, severe pain in shin bones, preventing sleep.

For rashes and itches, The Pine agaric like the Larch agaric, Polyporus officinalis. Despondency; aching distress in many parts; stiffness of back; of fingers; enlarged tonsils with dysphagia and constant inclination to swallow; neuralgic pains in head, face, and temples; pain in liver and spleen with diarrhea or constipation and piles.  Quotidian fevers.

Eupatorium Perfoliatum

Great lassitude, congestion of head, with vertigo, face hot and flushed, prickling sensation all over; restless. Constant pain in bones as someone beat with an iron rod. Back pain. Bilious fever. Bones pains. Cough. Dengue. Diarrhea. Gout. Intermittent fever. Jaundice. Liver, soreness of. Measles. Mouth/lips cracking. Ophthalmia. Relapsing fever. Remittent fever. Rheumatism. Ringworm. Spotted fever. Syphilitic pains. Thirst. Wounds.

Thirst a long time before the chill, which continues during the chill and heat, at the conclusion of the chill, vomiting of bile, The intermittent fever paroxysm generally commences in the morning, attended with painfulness, trembling, weakness, and soreness; but little or no perspiration.

Ledum Palustre

Ledum pal could be advised in all type of mosquito bites, use it with or without any symptom. Vertigo when walking, with tendency to fall to one side. Burning in nose. Cough, with bloody expectoration. Dyspnoea; chest feels constricted. Suffocative arrest of breathing. Pain along trachea. Distress when head is covered. Itching pain and rashes mostly appear on feet and ankles; it goes worse by scratching and warmth of the bed. Ascites. Asthma. Bites. Black eye. Boils. Bruises. Deafness. Ear, inflammation of. Eczema. Erythema nodosum. Face, pimples on. Feet, pains in; tender. Gout. Hemoptysis. Hands, pains in. Intoxication. Joints, affections of, cracking joints. Pediculosis. Priapism. Prickly heat. Puncture wounds. Rheumatism. Skin, eruptions on. Stings. Tetanus. Tinnitus. Tuberculosis. Varicella. Whitlow.

Bryonia Alba

Aching in every muscle. The general character of the pain here produced is a stitching, tearing; worse by motion, better rest, irritable; has vertigo from raising the head, pressive headache. Intermittent fevers. Jaundice. Joints, pain in. Liver disorders. Lumbago. Measles. Meningitis. Menstruation, vicarious. Miliaria. Milk fever. Myalgia. Nephritis. if body pain and muscles pain by little movements, Dengue, Fever. Pulse full and hard, tense, and quick; seldom intermitting. Chill, with external coldness of the body.

Coldness and chilliness, mostly in the evening, and often only on one right side. Shivering with trembling, often with heat in the head, redness of the face, and thirst; or followed by heat, with sweat and thirst. Vertigo and cephalalgia;, bitter taste and thirst, dry, burning heat, mostly internal. Dislike to food and drink during the shivering.

Febrile attack, with cold, and shivering predominating; type, tertian; nausea, and necessity to remain in a recumbent posture, or with shooting pains in the side and in the abdomen, and thirst during the shivering and the heat. At the termination of the fever, dry cough, with vomiting, shootings and oppression in the chest.

Bothrops Lanceolatus

Broken-down, haemorrhagic constitutions; septic states. Great lassitude and sluggishness; haemorrhages from every orifice of the body; black spots. Hemiplegia with aphasia. Inability to articulate, without any affection of the tongue. Nervous trembling. Pain in the knees, diagonal course of symptoms. Pulmonary congestion. Amaurosis; blindness from haemorrhage into retina. Hemeralopia, day blindness, can hardly see her way after sunrise; conjunctival haemorrhage. Swollen and puffy eyes. Besotted expression. Throat red, dry, constricted; swallowing difficult, cannot pass liquids. Skin swollen, livid, cold with hemorrhagic infiltration. Gangrene. Lymphatics swollen. Anthrax. Malignant erysipelas. Epigastric distress. Black vomiting (hemoptysis). Intense haematemesis. Tympanitis and bloody stools.

Cantharis Vesicatoria

Furious delirium. Anxious restlessness, ending in rage. Crying, barking; worse touching larynx or drinking water. Yellow vision. Fiery, sparkling, staring look. Burning in eyes.  Itching vesicles on face, burning when touched. Great difficulty in swallowing liquids. Very tenacious mucus. Violent spasms reproduced by touching larynx. Inflammation of throat; feels on fire. Constriction; aphthous ulceration. Scalding feeling. Burnt after taking too hot food.  Intense dyspnoea; palpitation; frequent, dry cough. Tendency to syncope. Short, hacking cough, blood-streaked tenacious mucus. Burning pains.  Intolerable urging and tenesmus. Nephritis with bloody urine. Constant desire to urinate. Membranous scales looking like bran in water. Urine jelly-like, shreddy. Palpitation; pulse feeble, irregular; tendency to syncope. Pericarditis, with effusion. Tearing in limbs. Ulcerative pain in soles. Dermatitis venenata with bled formation. Secondary eczema about scrotum and genitals, following excessive perspiration. Tendency to gangrene. Eruption with mealy scales. Vesicular eruptions, with burning and itching. Sunburn. Burns, scalds, with rawness and smarting, relieved by cold applications, followed by undue inflammation. Erysipelas, vesicular type, with great restlessness. Burning in soles of feet at night.

Arsenicum album

Ears infections. Eczema. Endometritis. Enteric fever. Epithelioma. Erysipelas. Eye infections. Fainting. Fever. Gangrene. Gastric ulcer. Gastritis. Glandular swellings. Gout, Rheumatic gout. Rheumatism. Corneal ulceration. Intense photophobia

Hay-asthma. Headache. Heart, affections of. Hectic. Herpes zoster. Hodgkin’s disease. Lung affections, Pneumonia, Hydrothorax. Hypochondriasis. Ichthyosis. Indigestion. Intermittent fever. Irritation. Jaundice.

Kidney diseases. Lichen. Lips eruption; epithelioma. Lupus. Malignant pustule. Measles. Miliary eruptions. Myelitis. Nails, diseased. Nettle-rash. Psoriasis. Purpura. Pyemia. Ringworm. Scalded. Scarlatina. Thirst. Throat sore. Trachea, affections of. Traumatic fever. Typhus. Yellow fever.

Fever. General coldness, with parchment-like dryness of the skin, Profuse cold clammy perspiration. Stretching of the limbs and restlessness, drawing in the limbs, anxiety and restlessness. Pains in the regions of the liver and of the spleen, dull or shooting headache.

Skin, Desquamation of the skin. Skin dry cold and bluish or yellowish. Shootings, hot itching, and violent burning in the skin. Petechiae. Inflamed spots, as from morbilli, chiefly in the head, face, and neck. Miliary eruptions, red and white. Conical pimples, whitish or reddish, with burning itching.

Nettle-rash. Eruption of painful black pustules. Eruption of itchy pimples, small and tickling. Vesicular eruptions. Herpes, with vesicles, and violently burning, esp. at night, or with coverings, like fish-scales. Skin jaundiced; general anasarca; black blisters.

Rhus Toxicodendron

Acne rosacea. Appetite, lost. Beri-Beri. Bones pains. Caecum inflammation. Chilblains. Cyanosis. Dengue fever. Diarrhea; chronic. Diphtheria. Dysentery. Dysmenorrhea. Dyspepsia. Ear eczema. Ecthyma. Enteric fever. Erysipelas. Erythema nodosum. Exostosis. Eyes inflammation; choroiditis; sight, weak. Feet pains. Gastroenteritis. Glands inflammation. Gout. Hemorrhages. Typhoid. Ptosis. Pyaemia. Redgum. Relapsing fever. Rheumatism. Scarlatina. Smallpox. Typhus fever. Urticaria. Warts. Wens. Yawning. Exanthema. Eyes swollen, red, oedematous; orbital cellulitis. Pustular inflammations.  Corneal ulceration. Intense photophobia.

Itching over whole body, chiefly in hairy parts. Stinging and tingling on skin, burning after scratching. Humidity of skin. Hardness of skin with thickening. Swelling (hard) of affected parts. Erysipelatous inflammations. Nettle-rash.-Eruptions, generally vesicular, scabby, with burning itching. Gangrenous ulcers. Chilblains.

Natrum Muriaticum

Blinding headache. Hiccough. Hodgkin’s disease. Hypochondriasis. Intermittent fever. Leucocythemia. Nettle rash. Pediculosis. Ranula. Seborrhea. Eyelids heavy, muscles weak and stiff. Letters run together. Sees sparks. Fiery, zigzag appearance around all objects. Burning in eyes.

Fever. Frequent, internal, shuddering. Continued shivering. Chill predominates; chilliness internally, with drowsiness, followed by slight perspiration. Flushes of heat and shivering alternately, with headache. Heat with burning thirst. Dejection before fever.

Spleen and liver enlargement and obstinate constipation. Pernicious fever and fever with anemia. Typhus fever, debility, dryness of tongue, and violent thirst. Intermittent fever. Pressive drawing in limbs. Rigidity of all joints, which crack when moved. Reddish urine; complaints after urination.

Sepia

Prodromal symptoms of apoplexy. Stinging pain from within outward and upward mostly left, or in forehead, with nausea, vomiting. Eyes affections. Face yellow. Freckles. Gleet. Gonorrhoea. Gravel. Herpes; circinate. Irritation. Jaundice. Liver-spots. Liver, torpid. Psoriasis. Ptosis. Pylorus induration. Quinsy. Urine incontinence. Intermittent fever. Perspiration sour-smelling or offensive. Muscular asthenopia; black spots in the field of vision.

Skin yellow, like jaundice; chapping of the skin, or cracks may extend deeply into the tissues. Itching and eruption of pimples in the joints. Excoriation, especially in the joints. Dry and itching eruptions, like scabies. Brown, or vinous, or else reddish, and herpetic spots on skin. Annular desquamation. Hepatic spots.

Pulsatilla pratensis

Wandering stitches about head; pains extend to face and teeth; vertigo; better in open air. Frontal and supraorbital pains. Neuralgic pains, commencing in right temporal region, with scalding lacrimation of affected side. Cataract. Chilblains. Clavus. Cold. Cough. Distension. Dysmenia. Dyspepsia. Freckles. Gonorrhoea. Gout. Hands, pains. Intermittent fever. Joints, synovitis of. Measles. Mumps. Puerperal convulsions. Puerperal fever. Puerperal mania. Urine incontinence.

Thick, profuse, yellow, bland discharges. Itching and burning in eyes. Profuse lachrymation and secretion of mucus. Lids inflamed, agglutinated. Styes. Veins of fundus oculi greatly enlarged. Ophthalmia neonatorum.

Fever, Chilliness, even in warm room, without thirst. Chilly with pains, Intolerable burning heat at night, with distended veins; heat in parts of body, coldness in other. One-sided sweat; pains during sweat. External heat is intolerable, veins are distended, loss of appetite, nausea.

Lycopodium Clavatum

Shakes head without apparent cause. Twists face and mouth. Blindness. Biliousness. Borborygmic. Bright’s disease. Cancer. Cataract. Constipation. Consumption. Corns. Cough. Cramps. Cystitis. Debility. Diphtheria. Distension. Dropsies. Dysentery. Intermittent. Irritation. Polypus of eye; of ear; of nose. Proctalgia. Prostatitis. Pylorus affections. Quinsy. Renal colic. Rheumatism. Typhoid fever. Urine abnormal. Loss of appetite. Mouth clammy or bitter, often with nausea. Bulimia. Diarrheas. Pain in back before urinating; ceases after flow; slow in coming, must strain. Retention. Polyuria during the night. Heavy red sediment. Heaviness of arms. Tearing in shoulder and elbow joints. Profuse sweat of the feet. Fever followed by sweat. Icy coldness. Feels as if lying on ice. Chronic eczema associated with urinary, gastric and hepatic disorders; bleeds easily. Skin becomes thick and indurated.

Sulphur

Beating headache; worse, stooping, and with vertigo. Halo around light. Black motes before eyes. Ague. Biliousness. Boils. Bright’s disease. Bronchitis. Cataract. Catarrh. Chagres fever. Chancre. Cheloide. Chest pains. Liver derangement. Lumbago. Lupus. Mania. Measles. Nettle rash. Ophthalmia.

Rheumatic fever. Skin affections. Spleen pain. Stomatitis. Taste, illusions of. Tenesmus. Thirst. Throat, mucus in. Tongue coated.

Calcare Carbonica

Fever. Excessive cold, internally, Shivering and shuddering, with thirst, followed by chilliness beating of the heart. Tertian fever in the evening. Sweat with anxiety. Nocturnal sweat. Appetite, depraved. Cataract. Chilblains. Eyes affections. Fever intermittent. Gallstones. Glandular swellings. Gleet. Gonorrhoea. Ringworm. Typhoid. Urticaria.No appetite. Headache, with cold hands and feet. Vertigo on ascending, and when turning head. Photophobia. Spots and ulcers on cornea. Dimness of vision, as if looking through a mist.

Arnica Montana

Head hot, with cold body; confused; sensitiveness of brain, with sharp, pinching pains. Eyes affections. Diplopia from traumatism, muscular paralysis, retinal haemorrhage. Hematemesis. Hematuria. Headache. Heart affections.

Lumbago. Spleen pain. Sprain. Stings. Suppuration. Taste putrid or bitter, or slimy, thirst for cold water, without fever.

Fever. Pulse very variable, mostly hard, full and quick. Chilliness, internally, with external heat and redness of one cheek, Shivering in the evening, and sometimes with a sensation of cold water. Intermittent fever. Perspiration smelling sour or offensive-sometimes cold. Typhus putrid breath and stool. Nocturnal acid sweat. Shootings in the region of the spleen. Pressure in the hepatic region. Abdomen hard and swollen. Stiffness of the limbs after exertion. Muscular jerking. Stiffness and weariness of all the limbs. Bleeding of internal and external parts (vomiting of blood). General prostration of strength.

Skin hot, hard, and shining swelling of the parts affected. Stings of insects; snake-bites. Red, bluish, and yellowish spots, as if from contusions. Black and blue spots on the body. Yellow-green spots, caused either by a bruise or by disease. Bed sores; blue mortification. Miliary eruption. Petechiae. Many small boils, or blood-boils; one after another, extremely sore.

Lachesis:

Albuminuria. Boils. Bubo. Carbuncle. Catalepsy. Chilblains. Ciliary neuralgia. Cough. Cyanosis. Enteric fever. Erysipelas. Eyes affections; hemorrhage into eyes. Gallstones. Gangrene. Hay fever. Headache. Heart, affections of. Intermittent fever. Jaundice. Skin Ecchymosis. Dropsical swelling over whole body.

Pressure and burning on vertex. Waves of headache, with headache, flickerings, dim vision, very pale face. Vertigo. Eyes extrinsic muscles too weak to maintain focus.

Gangrenous ulcers. Gangrenous blisters. Superficial ulcers, foul at bottom, with a red crown. Cancerous ulceration (of wounds). Red and itching lumps and tuberosities. Carbuncles, with copper-colored surroundings and many smaller boils around them. Flat exanthemata which do not fill up; pustules exanthemata; spongy excrescences.

Fever. Icy coldness of the skin with clammy sweat and weakness. Shivering, delirium, insatiable thirst, eructation, bilious vomiting, cries, groans, dryness of mouth and throat, and frequent stools.

Temperature alternately. Perspiration coloring linen yellow red. Febrile sweat. Pulse intermittent, or feeble and quick (but accelerated), or irregular, or scarcely perceptible, or tremulous, or alternately full and small. Intermittent fever. Typhus fever.

Gelsemium

Fever. Pulse slow, accelerated by motion. Dull, heavy ache, with heaviness of eyelids. Headache, with muscular soreness of neck and shoulders. Headache preceded by blindness. Ptosis; eyelids heavy; patient can hardly open them. Double vision. Dim-sighted; pupils dilated and insensible to light. Orbital neuralgia, with contraction and twitching of muscles. Bruised pain back of the orbits. One pupil dilated, the other contracted. Limbs cold with oppressed breathing – In the evening, when entering a warm room, thirst, pain in the back and loins and in the lower part of the thighs. Chilliness in upper part of body and back. Typhoid fever. In eruptive and fevers restlessness. Profuse perspiration relieving the pains. Intermittent fevers. Remittent fever. Measles. Hay-fever. Headache. Intermittent fever. Jaundice. Labor. Liver affections. Measles. Retina detachment. Tremors. Vertigo. Trembling in all the limbs. Deep-seated, dull aching in the muscles of the limbs and in the joints. Neuralgic and rheumatic pains in the extremities.

Vinca Minor

Tearing pain in vertex, ringing and whistling in ears. Whirling vertigo, with flickering before eyes. Neck, stiff. Nose, redness of. Plica polonica. Seborrhoea. Throat, sore. Uterus, bleeding from.

Syphilinum

Stupefying cephalalgia. Diplopia. Photophobia. Abscess; succession of abscesses. Bubo. Constipation. Neuralgia. Night-sweats. Ophthalmia. Otorrhoea. Ovaries, affections of. Ozoena. Pemphigus. Psoas abscess. Ptosis. Aching pains in limbs. Gradual rigidity of all joints after eruption; flexors seem contracted.

Pustular eruption on different parts of body; in patches on certain places, particularly on wrists and shins, large pustules, discharging an ichorous fluid, then heal, leaving characteristic pockmark cicatrices; patches take longer to heal, discharging same fluid till healing process commences. Skin bluish.

Great pains in head, whole body extremely cold, looked blue; wanted to be covered with blankets or couldn’t get warm; no appetite; sleeping almost continually, Nervous chills preceded by pains in head, especially occiput and scalp.

Pains below waist, in pelvis, legs, tibia, which is sensitive to touch; bowels torpid; cross, irritable, peevish pain.

Fever: dry, hot, shortly after going to bed, parted lips, great thirst; 11 to 1 daily. Sweat: profuse at night, sleepless and restless, with excessive general debility.

Baptisia

The symptoms of this drug are of an asthenic type, simulating low fevers, septic conditions of the blood, malarial poisoning and extreme prostration. Indescribable sick feeling. Great muscular soreness and putrid phenomena always are present. All the secretions are offensive-breath, stool, urine, sweat, etc. Epidemic influenza. Chronic intestinal toxemias of children with fetid stools and eructation. Soreness of eyeballs. Brain feels sore. Stupor; falls asleep while spoken to. Deafness.

Baptisia in low dilutions produces a form of antibodies to the bac typhus, viz, the agglutinins (Mellon). Thus it raises the natural bodily resistance to the invasion of the bacillary intoxication, which produces the typhoid syndrome. Typhoid carriers. After inoculation with anti-typhoid serum. Intermittent pulse, especially in the aged.

Wild, wandering feeling. Inability to think. Mental confusion. Ideas confused. Illusion of divided personality, double personality, and tosses about the bed trying to get pieces together. Delirium, wandering, muttering. Perfect indifference. Falls asleep while being spoken to. Melancholia, with stupor.

Confused, swimming feeling. Vertigo; pressure at root of nose. Skin of forehead feels tight; seems drawn to back of head. Feels too large, heavy, numb. Soreness of eyeballs. Brain feels sore. Stupor; falls asleep while spoken to. Early deafness in typhoid conditions. Eyelids heavy.

Taste flat, bitter. Teeth and gums sore, ulcerated. Breath fetid. Tongue feels burned; yellowish-brown; edges red and shining. Dry and brown in center, with dry and glistening edges; surface cracked and sore. Can swallow liquids only; least solid food gags.

Soreness over region of gallbladder, with diarrhea. Stools very offensive, thin, dark, bloody. Soreness of abdomen, in region of liver. Dysentery of old people. Puerperal fever.

Back and Extremities: Neck tired. Stiffness and pain, aching and drawing in arms and legs. Pain in sacrum, around hips and legs. Sore and bruised. Decubitus.

Skin: Livid spots all over body and limbs. Burning and heat in skin. Putrid ulcers with stupor, low delirium and prostration.

Fever: Chill, with rheumatic pains and soreness all over body. Heat all over, with occasional chills. Adynamic fevers. Typhus fever. Shipboard fever.

Hemamalis:

Chilblains. Numbness over head. Eyes painful weakness; sore pain in eyes; bloodshot appearance; inflamed vessels greatly injected. Hastens absorption of intraocular haemorrhage. Eyes feel forced out. Enteric fever. Gastric ulcer. Hematemesis. Hematuria. Hemorrhages. Hemorrhagic diathesis. Hemorrhoids. Scurvy. Smallpox. Testicles, inflamed. Ulcers. No appetite for breakfast; considerable thirst. Appetite good. Very thirsty; in afternoon and evening; throat dry. Averse to water. After eating: nausea, must keep quiet; eructation; hiccough. Eructation after a meal, taste of the food. Nausea, eructation and violent hiccough after oily food, followed by burning in stomach and esophagus; later, cramp pains in stomach and chest.

Nausea and inclination to vomit after a meal. Hematemesis, blood black; sensation of trembling in stomach, or fullness and gurgling in abdomen; feverish by spells; weak, cold, quick pulse, profuse sweat.

Fever – Chilly on going to bed; dreaded an attack of fever. Cold creeps in the open air, chills run up the legs, head stopped up, dull pain over orbit. Chilliness over back and hips, extending down the extremities. Fever at night; hands hot, burning in the eyelids on closing them. Sweats freely at night, after lying down. Pulse accelerated and full.

P. S : This article is only for doctors having good knowledge about Homeopathy and allopathy,  for learning purpose(s).

For proper consultation and treatment, please visit our clinic.

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Dr. Sayyad Qaisar Ahmed (MD {Ukraine}, DHMS) ; senior research officer Dnepropetrovsk state medical academy Ukraine; is a leading Homeopathic physician practicing in Al-Haytham clinic, Umer Farooq Chowk Risalpur Sadder (0923631023, 03119884588), K.P.K, Pakistan.

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